石墨烯增强铜基复合材料的制备技术及发展

石墨烯由于其独特的二维结构和优异的物化性能,在改善复合材料的力学性能、电学性能和热学性能等方面具有很大的潜力,已成为金属基复合材料较理想的增强体。铜合金具有优异的导电导热性能和良好的延展性,但是其强度较低、不耐磨及高温下易变形的特点阻碍了其应用和发展。因此,结合石墨烯和铜的性能特点,将石墨烯作为增强体添加到铜中,制备性能优异的石墨烯增强铜基复合材料成为目前研究的热点之一。综述了目前石墨烯增强铜基复合材料的制备方法,并对各方法的特点进行了分析比较,提出未来可采用的制备工艺的方向以及在制备过程中面临的问题和挑战,并对其未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

基于组合赋权-集对分析的煤矿煤尘爆炸危险性评价研究

针对目前煤尘爆炸危险性评价研究较少、各评价因素选择偏差较大的问题,通过分析煤尘爆炸特性,提出以煤尘可爆性危险、煤尘爆炸浓度危险、点火源危险3个必要条件为一级指标,煤质变异程度、挥发分、水分、灰分等14个二级指标,以层次分析法确定各指标的主观权重,以熵权法确定各指标的客观权重,利用乘法归一化方法对各指标的组合权重进行计算,构建集对分析-组合赋权煤尘爆炸危险性评价模型,并将该模型与已较成熟的改进FAHP模型、模糊事故树模型、灰色聚类评估体系、未确知测度评价模型一同应用于济宁某矿的煤尘爆炸危险性评价过程中,结果显示:集对分析-组合赋权评价模型、改进FAHP模型、灰色聚类评估体系评价结果为一般危险等级,模糊事故树模型的评价结果为较安全等级,集对分析-组合赋权煤尘爆炸危险性评价模型评价结果与改进FAHP模型、灰色聚类评估体系、未确知测度评价模型的评价结果一致,该模型对煤尘爆炸危险的评价具有较好的适用性。     

基于未确知测度理论的采矿方法优选

为选择适合贵州某金矿的最佳采矿方法,以解决该矿开采难度大与开采成本高的问题,根据矿山实际地质条件,初选出了适用于该矿体的采矿方法。将数值模拟与未确知测度理论相结合,利用数值模拟分析三种备选采矿方法的安全性,同时作为优选模型的指标。结合矿山实践经验,优选出采场生产能力等11项影响采矿方法选择的指标,利用信息熵计算各指标的客观权重,引入置信度识别准则进行评价,同时按照优越度进行排序,构建基于未确知测度理论的采矿方法优选模型。通过综合比较分析,最终确定最佳的采矿方法即下向中深孔落矿嗣后充填法,该方法可以有效解决目前开采遇到的问题,扩大矿山生产能力,降低采矿成本,提高矿山经济效益。     

Approximate ODE models for population balance systems

We propose an approximate polynomial method of moments for a class of first-order linear PDEs (partial differential equations) of hyperbolic type, involving a filtering term with applications to population balance systems with fines removal terms. The resulting closed system of ODEs (ordinary differential equations) represents an extension to a recently published method of moments which utilizes least-square approximations of factors of the PDE over orthogonal polynomial bases. An extensive numerical analysis has been carried out for proof-of-concept purposes. The proposed modeling scheme is generally of interest for control and optimization of processes with distributed parameters.     

Modeling and parameter optimization for the design of vibrating screens

In this paper, we simulated the complex particle flow-behavior and screening efficiency on a linear vibrating screen using the Discrete Element Method (DEM). The simulations were validated with data from an adjustable experimental prototype screen. Then the novel application of non-linear regression modeling based on Support Vector Machines (SVMs) is used for mapping the sample space of operating parameters and vibrating screen configuration. Lastly, parameter optimization is implemented using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The primary findings proved that the SVM-based nonparametric model is not only feasible, but also highly adaptive to the parameter optimization that requires large-scale iterative computation. The non-parametric model established using the integration of DEM and SVM, combined with PSO algorithm in subsequent parameter optimization offered insights to the design and manufacture of vibrating screens.     

Discharge evaluation from pressure measurements by a genetic algorithm based method

This paper presents an alternative to the Gibson method, for discharge estimation of a turbine inside a hydropower plant. The method proposes a genetic algorithm which includes an integration procedure for the water hammer equations using the method of characteristics. The decision variables are represented by the steady-state regime discharge before the valve closure and the pipe friction factor. The recordings of pressure/differential pressure in measuring sections are used.The method was verified by a numerical experiment and then validated with the measured data in a laboratory experiment at NTNU, Norway.     

Application of a multicriteria methodology for evaluation of energy alternatives for hydrogen production for the automotive sector – Case study

This paper presents a case study focusing on fourteen most used energy alternatives in Brazil, possible to feed large scale hydrogen production plants for the automotive sector. The evaluations are made using a Decision Making Support Method, MACBETH - Measuring Attractiveness by a Categorical Based Evaluation Technique, with the computational code M-MACBETH 3.2.0, using criteria that include economic and financial, technological, environmental and social aspects. The selected criteria that were used in the assessment, for each of the energy alternatives are capital to be invested in a plant, leveled cost of electric energy produced, CO₂ emissions, mortality rate due to the technology use and energy efficiency of technology. The main results obtained showed that photovoltaics off grid electric energy is the most attractive alternative, followed by the photovoltaic on grid alternative, for an eventual automotive hydrogen program in Brazil.     

The effect of solvent and ionomer on agglomeration in fuel cell catalyst inks: Simulation by the Discrete Element Method

We simulate agglomeration in different fuel cell catalyst ink solutions using Discrete Element Method. Carbon support is modelled as particles in various inks with ionomer and various solvents. The particles interact with particle-pair forces resulting in agglomerate build-up. The classical colloidal theory with van der Waals and electric double layer forces underestimates the ink stability, which motivates the development of a new model of polymer force between particles. The force is activated when there is a bridging of polymer between the carbon black particles, and the strength is dependent on the ionomer interaction with the solvent by the dielectric constant. A critical dielectric constant was defined for which ionomer form a web-like polymer network that increases the ink stability. This modification can explain the trend of the ink stability, and the model can simulate the effect of different solvents on the agglomerate size distribution with good agreement with experimental results.     

双协调自由界面模态综合方法在框架结构上的应用研究

本文研究双协调自由界面模态综合方法,并将其运用于土木工程结构中。首先介绍了双协调自由界面模态综合方法的基本思路和公式推导,进而提出了相应的模态截取准则。最后,通过一个11层的框架结构进行数值模拟。数值模拟分析结果验证了双协调自由界面模态综合方法在土木工程结构上应用的可行性,进一步通过算例对比,证明了本文提出的双协调自由界面模态综合方法的模态截取准则的正确性,为今后大型结构子结构研究方法提供了必要的理论基础。     

基于有限差分法的泵站底板三维地基应力分析

利用有限差分法，对某泵站不规则底板的地基应力进行计算分析，并结合实测数据，得出在不同本构模型及接触情况下地基应力分布规律。